Amwoga Khalwale

Salt-tolerant plants are naturals for harsh coastal or roadside environments, thriving where others wilt. They adapt by storing salt in leaves, excreting it through glands, or diluting it with water reserves. These resilient species bring life to sandy, saline soils with minimal care. Their roots often play a dual role, anchoring loose soils while resisting … Read more

Blue Fescue (Festuca glauca) belongs to the Poaceae family, a diverse grass lineage, and is classified within the genus Festuca, which includes over 300 species of cool-season grasses. Specifically, F. glauca is a perennial bunchgrass, taxonomically distinct for its fine, needle-like leaves and compact, tufted growth habit. Its botanical name reflects its glaucous (bluish-gray) foliage, … Read more

Basil (Ocimum spp.), an aromatic herb in the Lamiaceae family, is prized for its culinary versatility, ornamental appeal, and medicinal uses. Native to tropical regions of Asia and Africa, it encompasses over 60 species and countless cultivars, varying in flavor, leaf shape, size, and growth habits. Known for square stems, opposite leaves, and whorled flowers, … Read more

Bentgrass, belonging to the genus Agrostis within the Poaceae family, encompasses over 100 species of cool-season, perennial grasses. Key species include Agrostis stolonifera (creeping bentgrass), Agrostis capillaris (colonial bentgrass), Agrostis canina (velvet bentgrass), and Agrostis tenuis (brown bentgrass). Characterized by fine, narrow blades (1–3 mm wide) and a dense, low-growing habit, bentgrasses spread via stolons … Read more

Buffalograss (Bouteloua dactyloides) is a warm-season, perennial shortgrass native to North America’s Great Plains, from Canada to Mexico. A keystone of prairie ecosystems, it spreads via stolons, forming a low, dense sod (3–12 inches unmowed) with fine to coarse blades (1–3.5 mm). It’s prized for drought tolerance and low maintenance, thriving in Zones 4–10. Its … Read more

Ryegrass (Lolium spp.), a cool-season grass in the Poaceae family, hails from Europe, Asia, and North Africa, thriving in temperate climates (Zones 5–9). Known for rapid germination (5–10 days) and lush growth, it forms dense bunches or, in some hybrids, spreads via stolons. It’s a staple for lawns, pastures, and erosion control, with annual and … Read more

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) is a warm-season turfgrass genus native to Southeast Asia, prized for its dense, carpet-like growth via stolons and rhizomes. It thrives in USDA Zones 6–11, tolerating heat (up to 95°F), drought, and moderate shade, though it prefers full sun. Its tough, wiry blades form a resilient sod, ideal for lawns, golf courses, … Read more

Tangerines are classified under Citrus reticulata in the Rutaceae family, a subset of mandarins distinguished by their loose, easy-to-peel skin. Hybrids like tangelos (C. reticulata × C. paradisi) and tangors (C. reticulata × C. sinensis) expand the group, blending traits with oranges or grapefruit. Botanically fruits, they’re prized for their juicy, segmented flesh and aromatic … Read more

Squash belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, genus Cucurbita, with key species like C. pepo (zucchini, acorn), C. maxima (hubbard, buttercup), and C. moschata (butternut, calabaza). Botanically a fruit due to seed-bearing flesh, it’s classified into summer (soft-skinned) and winter (hard-rinded) types. Native to the Americas, it was domesticated over 10,000 years ago, primarily in Mesoamerica, … Read more

Beans come in a wide array of shapes, sizes, and colors, each with unique flavors and textures that define their culinary roles. Some are small and round, others large and flat, with coats ranging from glossy to speckled. They’re grown globally, adapting to climates from cool hills to arid plains, and harvested fresh or dried … Read more